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Standards for digital video

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The standards for digital video depend on what type of digital video camera you have. There are two options for digital video cameras image capture formats: interlaced and progressive scan. Let's take a look at the two and the standards for each.

Interlaced cameras
Such cameras record the image in alternating sets of lines. So, it works like this: the odd-numbered lines are scanned, and then the even-numbered lines are scanned, then the odd-numbered lines are scanned again, and so on. With this method the terms used are the "field" and the "frame". One set of lines (it can be odd or even) is called "field", and a consecutive pairing of two fields of opposite parity is called a "frame".

Progressive scan cameras
A progressive scanning digital video camera records each frame as distinct, with both fields being identical.

So what is the difference, and how does that affect the standards for digital video?
Well, an interlaced video captures twice as many fields per second as progressive video does. However, both operate at the same number of frames per second. So, when the standards are set, the frames per second are the same for both, but the fields per second standard is double for interlaced.

One of the reasons digital video is better than film is because of the frames per second standard. With digital video you get a different image 60 times per second, as opposed to film, which records 24 or 25 progressive frames per second.

So, the standards for digital video include the following:

Basically being better than film quality, and standard film stocks such as 16 mm and 35 mm records at 24 or 25 frames per second. So, recording at higher frames per second and shooting high than the two frame rate standards are the standard for digital video. The two frame rate standards are NTSC, and PAL, which shoot at 30/1.001 (about 29.97) frames per second and 25 frames per second, respectively.

The standards of quality simply want to ensure that digital video can be copied with no degradation in quality. So, what should be happening is that no matter how many times a digital source is copied, it should be as clear as the original digital footage.

The standards for editing your digital video depend on the program you use however, most video should be edited with ample disk space. Digital video applied with standard DV/DVCPRO compression takes up about 250 megabytes per minute or 13 gigabytes per hour. So, plan for that.

The standards for compression for digital video vary depending on how it is compressed. However, most types of video compression exist for serving digital video over the internet, and onto DVDs. The codecs it is compressed to include the Windows Media format, MPEG2, MPEG4, Real Media, the more recent H.264, and the Sorenson media codec.

The standards for video compression if you want to send it over the internet is MPEG4 and Windows Media; the standard compression codec for DVD is MPEG2

As technology advances the standards of quality for digital video, and digital video cameras will improve. Already we are seeing advances in the number of frames per second, as well as increased options for compression, distribution, etc. While at one point DVD was the only viable option, you now have blue ray disk, DVD, internet, and more. Knowing the standards for digital video can help you create a high quality digital video from home. You do not have to be a professional to create a stunning digital video, you do have to meet standards though.

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